Chithunzi cha mbendera: Nyali ya ultraviolet yochokera ku nyali ya krypton chloride excimer imayendetsedwa ndi mamolekyu akuyenda pakati pa mphamvu zosiyanasiyana. (Chitsime: Linden Research Group)
Kafukufuku watsopano wochokera ku University of Colorado Boulder wapeza kuti kuwala kwina kwa ultraviolet (UV) sikungothandiza kwambiri kupha kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa COVID-19, komanso ndikotetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito malo opezeka anthu ambiri.
Kafukufukuyu, yemwe adasindikizidwa mwezi uno mu nyuzipepala yotchedwa Applied and Environmental Microbiology, ndiye kusanthula koyamba kwatsatanetsatane kwa mawonekedwe a kuwala kosiyanasiyana kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet pa SARS-CoV-2 ndi ma virus ena opumira, kuphatikiza okhawo omwe ali otetezeka kwa zamoyo komanso. sichifuna kukhudzana wavelengths. Tetezani.
Olembawo amatcha zomwe zapezazi "zosintha masewera" pakugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa UV komwe kungayambitse njira zatsopano zotsika mtengo, zotetezeka komanso zogwira mtima zochepetsera kufalikira kwa ma virus m'malo odzaza anthu ambiri monga ma eyapoti ndi malo ochitirako makonsati.
"Pafupifupi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda taphunzira, kachilomboka ndi amodzi mwa njira zosavuta kupha ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet," anatero wolemba wamkulu Carl Linden, pulofesa wa uinjiniya wa chilengedwe. "Zimafunika mlingo wochepa kwambiri. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti ukadaulo wa UV utha kukhala yankho labwino kwambiri poteteza malo a anthu. ”
Mwachibadwa, kuwala kwa Ultraviolet kumachokera ku dzuwa, ndipo mitundu yambiri imakhala yovulaza zamoyo komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga mavairasi. Kuwala kumeneku kungathe kutengedwa ndi chibadwa cha chamoyo, kumanga mfundo ndi kuchiletsa kuberekana. Komabe, mafunde owopsawa ochokera ku Dzuwa amasefedwa ndi ozoni asanafike padziko lapansi.
Zogulitsa zina, monga nyali za fulorosenti, zimagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa ergonomic UV, koma zimakhala ndi zokutira mkati mwa phosphorous yoyera yomwe imawateteza ku kuwala kwa UV.
"Tikachotsa chophimbacho, tikhoza kutulutsa mafunde omwe angakhale ovulaza khungu ndi maso athu, koma amatha kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda," adatero Linden.
Zipatala zikugwiritsa ntchito kale ukadaulo wa UV kupha tizilombo m'malo opanda anthu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maloboti kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa UV pakati pa zipinda zochitira opaleshoni ndi zipinda za odwala.
Zida zambiri pamsika masiku ano zitha kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa UV kuyeretsa chilichonse kuyambira mafoni am'manja mpaka mabotolo amadzi. Koma a FDA ndi EPA akupangabe ndondomeko zachitetezo. Linden akuchenjeza za kugwiritsa ntchito zida zilizonse zamunthu kapena "zotsekera" zomwe zimayika anthu ku kuwala kwa ultraviolet.
Anatinso zatsopanozi ndi zapadera chifukwa zikuyimira pakati pakati pa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, komwe kumakhala kotetezeka kwa anthu komanso kovulaza ma virus, makamaka kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa COVID-19.
Mu kafukufukuyu, Linden ndi gulu lake adafanizira kutalika kosiyanasiyana kwa kuwala kwa UV pogwiritsa ntchito njira zokhazikika zomwe zidapangidwa mumakampani onse a UV.
"Tikuganiza kuti tisonkhane kuti tinene momveka bwino za kuchuluka kwa kuwonekera kwa UV kuti kuphe SARS-CoV-2," adatero Linden. "Tikufuna kuwonetsetsa kuti ngati mugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa UV kulimbana ndi matendawa, muchita bwino". Mlingo woteteza thanzi la anthu komanso khungu la anthu komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. ”
Mwayi wogwira ntchito zotere ndi wosowa chifukwa kugwira ntchito ndi SARS-CoV-2 kumafuna miyezo yolimba kwambiri yachitetezo. Chifukwa chake Linden ndi Ben Ma, mnzake wapagulu la Linden, adalumikizana ndi katswiri wa ma virus Charles Gerba waku University of Arizona mu labotale yololedwa kuphunzira za kachilomboka ndi mitundu yake.
Ofufuzawo adapeza kuti ngakhale ma virus nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet, mawonekedwe akutali a ultraviolet (222 nanometers) ndiwothandiza kwambiri. Kutalika kwa mafundewa kumapangidwa ndi nyali za krypton chloride excimer, zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi mamolekyu omwe amayenda pakati pa madera osiyanasiyana amphamvu ndipo ali ndi mphamvu zambiri. Mwakutero, imatha kuwononga kwambiri mapuloteni a ma virus ndi ma nucleic acid kuposa zida zina za UV-C ndipo imatsekedwa ndi zigawo zakunja za khungu ndi maso a munthu, kutanthauza kuti ilibe thanzi. amapha kachilomboka.
Ma cheza a UV a utali wosiyanasiyana (akuyezedwa apa mu nanometers) amatha kulowa mumagulu osiyanasiyana akhungu. Kuzama kwa mafundewa kumalowa m'khungu, m'pamenenso amawononga kwambiri. (Chithunzi: "UV Wakutali: Chidziwitso Chamakono" chofalitsidwa ndi International Ultraviolet Radiation Association mu 2021)
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cheza ya UV yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupha madzi, mpweya, ndi malo. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1940, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa chifuwa chachikulu m'zipatala ndi m'makalasi poyatsa denga kuti aphe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'chipindamo. Masiku ano amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati m'zipatala zokha, komanso m'zimbudzi zina zapagulu komanso m'ndege pamene palibe amene ali pafupi.
Mu pepala loyera lofalitsidwa posachedwapa ndi International Ultraviolet Society, Far-UV Radiation: Current State of Knowledge (pamodzi ndi kafukufuku watsopano), Linden ndi olemba anzawo amatsutsa kuti kutalika kwakutali kwa UV kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi mpweya wabwino, kuvala. masks ndi katemera ndi njira zazikulu zochepetsera zotsatira za miliri yomwe ilipo komanso yamtsogolo.
Machitidwe a Linden Imagine amatha kuyatsidwa ndi kuzimitsidwa m'malo otsekedwa kuti aziyeretsa mpweya ndi malo nthawi zonse, kapena kupanga zotchinga zosawoneka kosatha pakati pa aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira, alendo ndi ogwira ntchito yokonza, ndi anthu omwe ali m'malo omwe kusamvana sikungasungidwe.
Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ku UV kumatha kulimbana ndi zotsatira zabwino za mpweya wabwino wa m'nyumba, chifukwa kungapereke chitetezo chofanana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kusintha kwa mpweya pa ola limodzi m'chipinda. Kuyika nyali za UV nakonso kumakhala kotsika mtengo kuposa kukweza makina anu onse a HVAC.
"Pali mwayi pano wosunga ndalama ndi mphamvu ndikuteteza thanzi la anthu. Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri, "adatero Linden.
Olemba ena pa bukuli ndi awa: Ben Ma, University of Colorado, Boulder; Patricia Gandy ndi Charles Gerba, University of Arizona; ndi Mark Sobsey, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill).
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Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-03-2023